Successful root canal treatment could reduce inflammation linked to heart disease and improve blood sugar and cholesterol levels.
In the first research of its kind, a clinical study from King’s College London tracked changes in blood chemistry after root canal treatment for a common dental infection (apical periodontitis). The infection can cause bacteria to enter the bloodstream and increase inflammation, which is associated with heart health risks and a reduced ability to control blood sugar levels.
Despite the link between infection and broader health effects, the correlation between successful root canal treatment and benefits to heart and metabolic health has not been explored until now.
The team found that successful root canal treatment was associated with:
- Improved glucose metabolism: Blood sugar levels dropped significantly over two years after treatment, a key factor in preventing diabetes
- Better lipid profiles: Short-term improvements in blood cholesterol and fatty acid levels, which are closely related to heart health
- Reduced inflammation: Key markers of inflammation, often linked to cardiovascular risk and other chronic conditions, decreased over time
- Oral bacteria linked to body-wide effects: Bacteria from infected teeth were associated with changes in overall body metabolism
The study followed the health of 65 patients from Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust for two years after root canal treatment. Scientists analyzed molecules in patients’ blood to reveal how the body processes sugar, fat, other essential substances and responds to disease and treatment. They used a technique known as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which is used to analyze proteins in the body.
The findings suggest that monitoring blood metabolic markers such as glucose, fats known as triglycerides and the protein tryptophan could help assess recovery and risk after dental treatment.
Lead Author Dr Sadia Niazi, Senior Clinical Lecturer in Endodontics, King’s College London, said: “Our findings show that root canal treatment doesn’t just improve oral health – it can also help reduce the risk of serious health conditions such as diabetes and heart disease. It’s a powerful reminder that oral health is deeply connected to overall health.
“Long-term root canal infections can allow bacteria to enter the bloodstream, cause inflammation and raise blood glucose and fat levels – increasing the risk of serious health problems such as heart disease and diabetes. It is vital that dental professionals recognize the wider impact of these root canal infections and advocate for early diagnosis and treatment.
“We also need to move toward integrated care, where dentists and general practitioners work together to monitor risks through these blood markers and protect overall health. It’s time to move beyond the tooth and take a truly holistic approach to dental care.”
While more research is needed to confirm these results in larger populations, the study opens exciting new doors to understanding how oral care can support overall health and wellness.
The study was published in the Journal of Translational Medicine and was funded by its School of Dental Surgery Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) England.
