The Role of Mesenchymal Cells in Enhancing Cosmetic Outcomes for Autologous Augmented Fat Transfers for Facial Rejuvenation and Reconstructive Surgery

Temporarily accepted

In recent years, autologous fat transfer (AFT) has gained popularity for reconstructive and cosmetic procedures due to its minimally invasive nature and natural results. However, limitations such as unpredictable fat absorption and safety concerns remain. To address these issues, researchers investigated the incorporation of adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) into fat grafts. Enrichment of fat grafts with ADSCs, often via the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), shows promise in regenerative medicine, although their efficacy is still debated. Some studies suggest that there is no significant difference in outcomes, while others show that ADSCs are more effective in larger grafts. This means that ADSC-enriched grafts may achieve similar results to traditional methods, with tumor preservation being a critical indicator of success. Since these cosmetic procedures affect body image and self-confidence, innovative techniques such as ADSC-enriched grafts are crucial to improve clinical outcomes. ADSCs are favored for their abundance of adipose tissue and wound healing properties, which enhance cosmetic results. Patients receiving ADSC-enriched grafts show increased levels of collagen, elastin and CD31 and better graft survival compared to those with traditional fat grafting, reducing the need for repeat procedures. Recent applications in patients with fibrotic facial deformities have shown positive results both aesthetically and psychologically. This mini-review evaluates the efficacy and benefits of ADSC-enriched AFT for facial rejuvenation and reconstruction, focusing on graft retention and overall procedural outcomes.